Civil Rights Legislation and the Return of Status Essay

Civil Rights Legislation and the Return of Status - Essay Example These students would become known as the "Little Rock Nine."2 In 1960, students from North Carolina Agricultural and Technical College staged a sit-in at a segregated Woolworth's lunch counter. Their mistreatment was televised to the nation and prompted reflection. Also in North Carolina, the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee was founded at Shaw University to give black students direction in the civil rights movement.3 1963 was an active year on the Civil Rights timeline. Martin Luther King was arrested and jailed. There, he wrote his famous "Letter From the Birmingham Jail," voicing the familiar argument that is was a moral duty to disobey unjust laws. In May, Birmingham officials unleashed fire hoses and police dogs on black protestors, once again televised for the world to see. The Lincoln Memorial was the congregation point of 200,000 who joined the March on Washington, where King spoke his "I Have a Dream" speech. Violence continued in the streets of Birmingham when four young girls were killed in an explosion at the Sixteenth Baptist Church, the location of several civil rights meetings.4 Progress came in the form of the 24th Amendment in 1964, which abolished a poll tax designed to block blacks fro

Critical Appraisal of a Paper (Hepatitis B and C virus co-infection in Essay

Critical Appraisal of a Paper (Hepatitis B and C virus co-infection in Nigerian patients with HIV infection) - Essay Example The fact that the study population was adopted from the same hospital means that this study was committed to using its own approach, unique from other studies. The authors made a nice conclusion, which is all-inclusive. For instance, they have identified some of the limitations, which are present in their research. This helps the audience of this research to interpret the research findings in the context in which the researchers conducted it. Additionally, they have identified the importance of this study to their hospital, and as it applies to the wider society. This research is a great achievement, especially to the National Hospital in Abuja, Nigeria, considering that this is the first research of its kind to be conducted in this hospital. This will help the doctors and other caregivers to predict outcomes of different cases related with HIV and the two types of Hepatitis. Furthermore, although this research was not conducted in the communities, these findings can still be of help to the people in the grassroots level. This will also help in sensitizing the HIV infected members of the society to test for the different types of Hepatitis, considering the implications they have on HIV patients. This research article is not perfect, but it rates above average. The presentation is well above average, and the clarity is incredible. Additionally, the analysis of the research findings is in-depth, highly insightful, and quite easy to understand. Although this research presentation is quite commendable, there are some important aspects, which were omitted. First, the literature review section is missing. Normally, it is appropriate if a research includes a review of literature. In addition, considering that this was a first research in this field for this hospital, literature review would have helped this research through offering a direction, and predicting expected outcomes of the research. By comparing the works of other authors in the

Isers Act of Reading :: essays papers

Isers Act of Reading Critiquing a Critique: Wolfgang Iser’s The Act of Reading Texts on critical theory present an interesting challenge when one sits down to critique or review them. The purpose of these texts is to persuade the reader that all texts should be read and critiqued in the manner described within its pages. The process of evaluating such a book based on criteria that the reader has already established is made much more difficult by the fact that the focus of the book is to explain, in the majority of the cases, why the criteria being used is inferior to what the book itself recommends. How then, does one approach the problem that surrounds critiquing an instructional text on how to critique? The simplest way to approach the dilemma is to establish whether or not the points made by the author are valid, regardless of whether or not the reader agrees enough with the other to adopt his style of criticism. In this particular case, the author, Wolfgang Iser, is attempting to convince his readers that an approach he calls â€Å"aesthetic response† is the proper way to read and critique texts. Iser claims that his style is universal and can be applied to virtually all forms of writing. For this to be true, then one of the books written by Iser to help describe the process, The Act of Reading, should be able to validate his aesthetic response theory once it is read and critiqued by the manner described within the theory itself. Interestingly enough, the style of Iser’s book and the approach the author takes in explaining his theory to his readers run completely counter to the ideals of his theory. Iser’s aesthetic response theory contains is based on several points. First, the purpose of the reader is not to attempt to discover the single, hidden meaning within a text. The author backs up his position by providing this explanation: If the critic’s revelation of the meaning is a loss to the author†¦then meaning must be a thing which can be subtracted from the work. And if this meaning, as the very heart of the work, can be lifted out of the text, the work is then used up-through interpretation, literature is turned into an item for consumption. This is fatal not only for the text but also for literary criticism, for what can be the function of interpretation if its sole achievement is to extract the meaning and leave behind an empty shell?

Beginning the Audit Process

Beginning the Audit Report Peter Serunjoji ACC546 January 15, 2012 Arlette Peoples Beginning the Audit Report MEMORANDUM TO: Larry Lancaster, Chairman, President, and CEO of Apollo Shoes, Inc. FROM: Matrix Certified Public Accountants (MCPA) Inc. , DATE: January 15 2012 SUBJECT: Beginning the Audit Report (Engagement letter, Engagement checklist, Outline of timeframes and milestones of the audit) Dear Mr. Lancaster, This letter is to confirm the understanding of the arrangements for the objectives and terms of the upcoming auditing procedure for Apollo Shoes, Inc. Our firm is pleased to continue to work with your company and perform the audit of the year ending on December 31, 2011. Our PCA staff members would like to confirm the audit objectives, terms, limitations, and nature of the services provided for this engagement. The highlight of our services will cover auditing financial statements that include the income statement, balance sheets, statement of retained earnings, and the statement of cash flows. The financial audits will make sure that financial statements are presented according to General Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). Since investors, creditors, managers, and government agencies use these statements, it is very important for the auditor to ensure all financial statements conform to GAAP (Arens, Elder, & Beasley, 2006). The audit team will also examine and measure the operational performance by studying specific parts of the organization and evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of operation activities on the financial statements. Our firm will gladly provide reasonable, but not absolute, assurance services that are performed by professional auditors to enhance the credibility of nternal controls, IT systems, financial statements, compliance with regulation and human resource practices. Our auditors will express conclusion reports that will enhance the confidence of users, creditors, bankers, and management. One of the assurance services provided by our firm is attestation services. â€Å"An attestation service is a type of assurance service in which the CPA firm issues a report about the reli ability of an assertion that is made by another party. Attestation services fall in to four categories: audit of historical financial statements, effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, review of historical financial statements, and other attestation services that may be applied to a broad range of subject matter† (Arens, Elder,    & Beasley, 2006, p. 9). Our team will help to define material weaknesses in the internal controls that can occasionally create material misstatements in the financial statements. With the experience of our team, it is possible to determine whether deficiencies in the reports are significant enough to be considered material weaknesses. The team will first work with the high-risk areas that require additional attention. These areas are sales and sales allowances, accounts receivable, inventory, expenses, property and equipment purchases. We will report our opinion after we are done with all the tests. We will discuss our opinion with you if the result is qualified opinion or if we have any concerns with continuing this engagement. Auditors will obtain documentary evidence to support their testing for the internal control and the examination of all transactions to verify the sufficiency of the information. Our team will need to gain an understanding of your control structure and perform assessments to determine any control risks. However, auditors are not responsible for providing assurance on internal control or identifying significant deficiencies. In addition, auditors are not responsible for detecting errors or frauds that are immaterial to the financial statements. Auditors can provide a detailed examination of all transactions that are performed under a high risk of material errors and can notify the audit committee if any significant deficiencies are deducted. Apollo’s management is responsible to maintain effective internal control over financial reports and make sure the company complies with the laws and regulations. Our team demands that the management provide us with all financial records and related information. We will require that your management team provide us with a letter to confirm management responsibility for the preparation of a financial statement in conformity with GAAP and provide all information necessary in a timely basis for our audit process. The timing of the auditing process and the schedules are listed below for your review. The timely completion of this work will be at the end of our audit work. Our firm’s fees of the auditing process are to be estimated on a base of hourly rates. Our initial estimate of total fees, $250,000. 00, will be billed as work progresses. In the case of unusual circumstances, the fees may be adjusted to the new expansion of the engagement. Unless terminated, amended or otherwise superseded, this letter remains effective for the future years. If your company agrees to the terms and conditions of this engagement, we would like to ask you to sign this letter and return it to us and keep a copy for your references. We appreciate providing you with our services. Accepted: Sincerely Acknowledged on behalf of Apollo shoes Company By: ________________ Name and title Date: ______________                                                                                        Audit/Engagement Checklist | Processes | Yes | No | Initial | Date | Deciding    to accept the new client, Apollo | | | | | Find out why the client wants or needs an audit | | | | | Make sure that the client understands the terms of the engagement to avoid misunderstandings | | | | | Selecting the required audit specialists staff for the engagement | | | | | Deciding on a time for a meeting with the client to explain the objectives of the auditing process | | | | | Perform    investigation about the company to determine if there is any potential liability to work with them | | | | | Specify the service that is provided by the firm to the company | | | | | Assigning the appropriate staff to the engagement to meet the Generally Accepted Auditing Standards | | | | | The staff that are assigned to the engagement must have a good Understanding the client's business and industry | | | | | Make a visit to the client’s facilities to gain more understanding of its business | | | | | Find out if there is a related party to the client which has a combined business transactions | | | | | Request for the official record of the meetings of the board of directors and stockholders | | | | | Assess the risk that the business can face in the future | | | | | Make analyses and compare all the ratios to compare the client    to industry | | | | | Prepare all documents and paper work for all the steps and procedures that was done by the auditing team | | | | | Prepare final audit reports | | | | | Outline of Timeframes and Milestones for the Audit | | | | Start Date | Expected Completion date | Activity | | | | 1/17/2012 | 1/18/2012 | Meeting with the company board and discus the engagement objectives | 1/21/2012 | 1/23/2012 | Visit the facility | /25/20 12 | 1/31/2012 | Collecting information about the company’ structure including internal control | 2/2/2012 | 02/08/2012 | Requesting management report | 02/10/2012 | 02/15/2012 | Assess client business risk | 02/17/2012 | 02/27/2012 | Perform preliminary analytical procedures | 02/29/2012 | 03/115/2012 | Prepare audit reports | The 90 days time period may be adjusted to offset any delays beyond a contracting officer’s control. Some examples of these delays are delays in receiving the results of technical evaluation and delays in receiving reports from DCAA Reference Arens, A. A. , Elder, R. J. , & Beasley, M. S. (2006). Auditing and Assurance Services (11th Ed. ). Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prestice Hall.

Dr. Entwistle s Psychology And Christianity With The...

Dr. Entwistle published IntegrativeApproaches to Psychology and Christianity with the intent of using the text for undergraduate coursework for students studying a wide variety of psychological forms. These forms of study include counseling and teaching as well as on the Graduate level for students studying Theology. The text begins with diverse worldviews intertwining Psychology and Christianity throughout various societies and each with its own deep rooted perspectives. Each culture has its own worldview regarding Psychology and Christianity together as one thought process and also taking each doctrine on its own. In the latter portion of the text there is much more detail regarding the integration of of those doctrines. Psychology, theology and the five paradigms which include Enemies, Spies, Colonialist, Natural Parties and Allies. These five paradigms, which are distinct on their own, have a well-defined approach to Psychology and theology. The truth of God s word and works being better understood with a better understanding of Psychology and theology. Entwistle (2004) states that â€Å"the book of God s word referred to the Bible, and the book of God s works reflects His deeds written throughout His creation† (p.166). Entwistle, (2004) also tells us that there are two books of God: his word and His works. It is Psychology that deals with God s works and it is Theology deals with is words. It is the task of the individual counselor to construe both the

Style Approach to Leadership Essay - 1588 Words

In the investigation of the various characteristics and styles of leadership the emphasis of the style approach is the focus on the actions and behavioral characteristics of the leader. There are two behaviors of the style approach that researchers have observed: task behaviors and relationship behaviors (Northouse, 2007). People who are in roles of leadership should possess both behaviors to be successful in their position and maintain motivation and the quest for achievement in their subordinates. Task behaviors are those traits that keep others motivated to work to complete objectives. Relationship behaviors are characteristics and actions that leaders possess that make others feel respected and want to work towards goals. Unlike other†¦show more content†¦I trust that they, unlike me, have the knowledge to design creative and effective media to enhance the course instruction. However, I do ensure that I lead them to focus on creating media that clarifies the objectives I need to complete for the course. I do not have experience in being a leader in a situation where I am with a group of peers; therefore I knew my task behavior score would be below average. In one particular course, I tried to take a creative lead and purposely directed my media developers to develop media that I thought was correct, however, during the process of the course I quickly learned that I should have held a more passive role in the leadership process of the media content. Since the completion of that course, I have learned that sometimes to be a leader you must fail in order to learn what you should have done differently. In this instance, I learned that in order to be a good leader to my media team, I need to communicate to them what I want and then allow them to take a creative lead to create meaningful media for the instruction. Monty Python, a writer and producer in the movie industry is quoted as saying, â€Å"It’s self-evident that if we can’t take t he risk of saying or doing something wrong, our creativity goes right out the window†¦. The essence of creativity is not the possession of some special talent; it is much more the ability to play† (Bennis,Show MoreRelatedLeadership Styles And Evaluating An Enhanced Approach3145 Words   |  13 PagesIntroduction In this essay I will be reflecting on leadership styles and evaluating an enhanced approach. Leadership consists of people, authority, influence, change, direction, purpose and unified achievement (Youki, 2013). Leadership is needed throughout many situations in life, and without this there would be little unity and sense of direction within teams. To get a task completed there needs to be a person with the confidence to clearly and concisely convey what to do and who should do it. ThereforeRead MoreApplication Of Situational Approach For Teaching Leadership Style1923 Words   |  8 PagesApplication Situational Approach This theory is one of my favorites, especially in regards to my challenge of bringing individuals together. The luxury of the situational approach and the flexibility of being able to adapt my leadership style to various situations are instrumental in the success of the group. The practicality of this approach, and ease of use, makes this style of leadership invaluable in the application of directive or supportive roles towards group members in diverse situationsRead MoreThe Personal Characteristics, Behavioral Approach, And Leadership Style Of Steve Jobs1972 Words   |  8 Pagespersonal characteristics, behavioral approach, and leadership style of Steve Jobs. A leadership inclination is quality, which is considered necessary for all senior executives, and not just for the general director. One human resources specialist described the search for the head of the information department: Previously, specialized knowledge would have been in the first place, but now more attention is paid to leadership skills than technical ones. What kind of leadership are required experts differedRead MoreLeadership Style Does Not Automatically Suit All Leadership Situations1716 Words   |  7 PagesOne leadership style does not automatically suit all leadership situations. An accomplished leader requires an awareness of when to be at variance with their leadership approach in accordance to a situation, in order to achieve successful outcomes while corresponding with the interests of group and its members. As clearly evident in an educational context, differing styles of leadership are required from a hierarchical perspective between staff and staff and staff and student interaction. For principalsRead MoreLeadership And Ethics Of Leadership1448 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership and Ethics Leadership styles and approaches vary from situation to situation, including the personality, knowledge, skills, and abilities of the leader and the followers. Employees teach the leader how to lead them. Their competence, ability, and willingness to complete a task are indicators, which assist the direction of leadership the leader takes. Keeping all of this in mind, we will describe and analyze the Situational and Style leadership approaches. Situational Leadership Read MoreLeadership Theories Of Leadership And Leadership Essay771 Words   |  4 PagesLeadership is important because it helps followers reach a common goal. There have been several studies based on effective leadership. The definition of leadership has evolved over the years adapting to the different views of the world. Leaders have influence on their followers they are looked up to. Being a leader means there will be interaction with different behaviors and personalities. Effective leaders sometimes have to adjust their style approach by the situation they are in. Every followersRead MoreSituational Theory And Situational Leadership1542 Words   |  7 PagesSITUATIONAL APPROACH Developed by Hersey and Blanchard based on Reddin s 3-D management style theory, the situational approach to leadership, is a very broadly used and accepted leadership style and it is used in a lot of organizations for leadership training and development (Northouse, 2012). The main premise of the Situational Leadership approach is that there is no one size fits all to leadership style and that different types of situations will require different kinds of leadership. In order toRead MoreApproaches to Contemporary Leadership Essay1114 Words   |  5 PagesContemporary Leadership: The concept of leadership is an issue that has elicited considerable debate in the recent past to an extent that there is an extensive body of research and literature that addresses the issue. Some of the most common issues in the wide range of literature on this issue include scientific investigation, fiction, and biographies (Truckenbrodt, 2000, p.233). This concept has generated such concerns because leadership influences politics, academics, organizations, militaryRead MoreThe Situational Approach And Contingency Theory1617 Words   |  7 PagesThere are many dissimilar leadership approaches leaders can employ when working toward meeting goals and in situations. But the two approaches, I will be discussing are the situational approach and contingency theory. These two approaches are the same, but yet they are dissimilar. According to Hanks (n.d), â€Å"the situational approach and contingency theory describes how different approaches to leadership can help owners and manager s reach their goals.† The situational approach was developed in 1969 byRead MoreThe Contributing Factors to Being a Good Leader When Involved in Racket Team and Individual Activities709 Words   |  3 PagesThe Contributing Factors to Being a Good Leader When Involved in Racket Team and Individual Activities In this essay I will look at what makes a good leader? Different styles of leadership and how you will have to change your leadership styles to suit different activities. There are a lot of things that you need to become a good leader. For example you have to be: * A good communicator * Respected * Empathetic * Knowledgeable * A role

Essay on Thomas Jefferson Hero or Hypocrite - 1423 Words

During the 18th Century America was dealing with independence from Europe and trying to establish them as a strong country. As far as government goes, a monarchal government was not in question. Many people saw great opportunity to step up and contribute ideas that will make America into the country of preference. One of these men was 3rd president and member of the original founding fathers, Thomas Jefferson. While most Americans view Thomas Jefferson as an upstanding and honorable man, he was plagued with the moral contradiction of having fathered children with one of his slaves Sally Heming’s and as a result spurred a great deal of controversy. As a result of his action’s Jefferson’s virtuous demeanor is questioned and shows how†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Jefferson often referred to his college town as devilsburg.† When most young men where out drinking Jefferson was preferred to be in his books studying. It’s no surprise that he excell ed in such subjects as calculus, Greek, Spanish, grammar, and classical literature. William and Mary granted him an honorary degree in 1782. After college Jefferson went on to study law with George Wythe. He practiced law from 1761 to 1774. Thomas Jefferson did not believe in racial equality, and thought that blacks were intellectually inferior. However in one of the most important documents in American history is the Declaration of Independence written by Thomas Jefferson himself, he says †We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by there creator...† Jefferson knew that his ownership of slaves contradicted his principles. What Jefferson wanted most was for slaves to one day be free, he wanted them to go back to Africa. He refused to grant freedom to his own slaves because of their significances to his wealth, but overall he condemned slavery. Thomas Jefferson began building Monticello in 1770, his estate that was more than 10,000 acres. Over 180 slaves occupied and cared his estate while he was away. In 1772 he married Martha Wayles Skleton and moved her into his home at Monticello. Martha came from a well-established family; John Wayles her father was aShow MoreRelatedThe Real Lincoln : A New Look At Abraham Lincoln, His Agenda, And An Unnecessary War New1379 Words   |  6 PagesDilorenzo, Thomas J. The Real Lincoln: A New Look at Abraham Lincoln, His Agenda, and an Unnecessary War New York: Three Rivers Press. Thomas J. Dilorenzo is the author of the book The Real Lincoln: A New Look at Abraham Lincoln, His Agenda, and an Unnecessary War. Dr. Dilorenzo is an economics professor at the Sellinge School of Business and management, where he published over eleven books. His focus is mostly on economic history and political economics. It became evident to Thomas that the teachingsRead More Augustine St. Clare of Uncle Toms Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe2980 Words   |  12 Pagesthere remains one big moral question that is not as easily answered. This is the question of the character of Augustine St. Clare--a man who espouses great ideals on the evils of slavery,   yet continues to hold his own slaves.   Is he a hero because of his   beliefs or a villain because of his actions?   And just how important is this question to understanding and responding to the novel, as a whole?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   If St. Clare were a minor character, showing up in just aRead MoreBiography of President Andrew Jackson Essay2828 Words   |  12 PagesJoseph G., Jr.). Jackson’s political career came to a temporary end at the beginning of the 1800s. Longing for adventure and to relive his boyhood life, Jackson entered into military life early in the century, and would slowly become an American war hero. Jackson’s first claim to fame on the battlefield came in 1814 at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend, where he fought against the Seminoles of Florida, who had massacred a few hundred white settlers. Jackson’s victory at Horseshoe Bend gained him much notorietyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Virginian Luxuries Pictures Essay2301 Words   |  10 Pageswealth and distinction... He has so framed the laws of divorce, as what shall be the proper causes, and in a case of separation, to whom the guardianship of the children shall be given†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Stanton 1:240). The Declaration of Independence, written by Thomas Jefferson in 1776 were entitled that women want to be equal to men so that women were enabled to make waves with an unjust government that didn’t stick to their word. Document 4 reveals two women, two men, and two different gender children. In â€Å"The Discord†Read More Larry Flynt: Confronting Sex and Politics in America Essay3993 Words   |  16 PagesClinton (Phillips, 25 January 1999) helped to legitimize Flynt’s pursuits. Flynt’s rhetoric has questionable aspects, but the response of his accused gave a level of legitimacy to Flynt’s plight. He was not out to prove all the actions of the hypocrites; his purpose was to cast a shadow of doubt about the immortality of certain Republican individuals. Flynt was successful in casting a shadow of doubt, regardless of his supporting materials. Flynt received a large amount of attention, due toRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages(Madison, WI: Mendota House/Irwin, 2011) Other Interests Although he cannot keep up (literally!) with Dr. Robbin’s accomplishments on the track, Dr. Judge enjoys golf, cooking and baking, literature (he’s a particular fan of Thomas Hardy and is a member of the Thomas Hardy Society), and keeping up with his three children, who range in age from 23 to 9. Preface Welcome to the fifteenth edition of Organizational Behavior! Long considered the standard for all organizational behavior textbooks